The draft law proposes increasing penalties for the use of synthetic fishing nets, pollution of water bodies, and illegal fishing. In some cases, punishment could reach up to eight years in prison with confiscation of property.

According to the explanatory note, the ecosystems of Issyk-Kul, Son-Kul, Sary-Chelek, and Chatyr-Kul, as well as major reservoirs, are under severe anthropogenic pressure due to tourism, poaching, wastewater, and garbage pollution.